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http://explanation-guide.info/meaning/Ralph-Hopton.html
http://www.st.marys.freeuk.com/history.htm
http://cornishworld.net/timeline2.htm
http://www.ebroadcast.com.au/lookup/enc ... opton.html
http://www.generalmonck.com/biography.htm
http://www.metaweb.com/wiki/wiki.phtml? ... _Civil_War
http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/C/CO/CORNWALL.htm
http://www.medical-news.info/en/english-civil-war.html
http://read-and-go.hopto.org/Wars%2Dof% ... DKingdoms/
http://www.kamero.net/articles/English_Civil_War
1643 CE
Solemn League and Covenant is signed by Parliament.
Tenby and Haverfordwest fall to Royalist forces.
Welsh troops led by Sir John Owen of Clennau help capture Bristol for Royalists.
Pembroke reinforced by Parliamentary forces arriving by ship.
Civil war battles of Bradock Down, Stratton (May noth-east Cornwall), Lansdown ( July 5th. Sir Bevil Grenville killed) and Roundway Down (July 13th.). Sir Bevil (1596-1643 born at Brinn) was a leading Cornish Royalist soldier. Educated at Exeter College, Oxford who entered Parliament in 1621 and for some years supported the Popular Party. In 1639 he became a firm supporter of the King. He helped Hopton (Ralph 1st. Baron, commander for the King in the southwest 1642-46) in October '42 organize an army of volunteers called by Parliament the Cornish Malignant's. On January 19th. 1643, at the first battle to be fought in Cornwall, on a ridge in between Bradock and Boconnoc, he led the foot. The charge was so fierce that the enemy broke and fled. He campaigned until the battle at Lansdown ridge, north of Bath, on July 5th where he held the edge of the plateau with his stand of pikes against the repeated charges of the Parliamentary horse until he was fatally wounded at the victorious conclusion of the battle. He died the following day and his body was taken back to Kilkhampton for burial.
January, 4: Birth of Isaac Newton, influential British alchemist, mathematician, astronomer, scientist and philosopher. The Julian Calendar places his birth on December, 25 1642.
July, 13: English Civil War: Battle of Roundway Down - In England, Lord Henry Wilmot, Earl of Rochester, commanding the Royalist forces, wins a crushing victory over the Parliamentarian Sir William Waller.
September, 20: English Civil War: Battle of Newbury - Parliamentarian Robert Devereux, the Earl of Essex defeats a Royalist army commanded by Charles I of England at Newbury, Berkshire.
December, 13: The Battle of Alton during the English Civil War.
Colonel Ruthin's Parliamentarian force was defeated at Liskeard in January with 1,250 of his troops being taken prisoners. This was followed by a second defeat at Saltash and the Royalist's laid siege to Plymouth.
A seperate Parlimentary force under General James Chudliegh crosses Poulston Bridge and marched on Launceston. Following a long battle, where each side held the advantage at times, the Parlimentarians were forced to retreat.